Tag Archives: Australia

Hello from Bexhill, Australia

Nearly 50,000 km and almost three weeks on the train, as well as buses, taxis, planes, biking, hiking and a Mongolian horse later, and I’ve reached Bexhill, New South Wales. Six months after leaving Bexhill, East Sussex.

Welcome to Bexhill

Welcome to Bexhill (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Since my arrival I have been spending time meeting the locals and continuing my research of the area. A peculiar parallel dimension, all the more so because of the last 18 months planning and preparing to make the journey here. Meeting those I’ve been in touch with and seeing the places talked of. It does actually exist, and it is rather lovely.

View from Beck's Hill

View of Bexhill (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Uluru

Uluru (Ayers Rock) really is something special. It justifies its hype, and despite all the photographs seen of this great rock in the desert, it is still surprising what a stunning spectacle it is. I spent three days camping out under the stars and hiking around the various impressive rock formations in the area. By ‘in the area’ I mean about a three hour round trip by road. The journey here demonstrated just how remote this part of Australia is. From Alice Springs it is another six hour bus journey to Kings Canyon (Watarrka) (over 500km), where we first visited and were lucky with the weather to be able to go hiking. Temperatures registering too hot, or setting out too late in the day (after around 8am) mean that it is not possible to explore the scenery in the same way. The risks are too great. Temperatures are generally around forty degrees centigrade and help can be a long way off.

Kings Canyon (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Kings Canyon (Louise Kenward, 2014)

The weather was kind, and setting off early, in temperatures in the mid thirties with a bit of a breeze felt really very comfortable. Instructed to carry a litre of water for every hour you are walking meant advice of drinking three litres of water over the course of the 7km hike. Dehydration is the biggest risk, and a very serious one. Having been instructed so carefully during the day left us utterly gullible for the later ‘words of wisdom’ when setting up camp for the night. It was beautiful, completely isolated in the outback with the full 360 degree horizon filled with ambers, pinks and blues as the sun set and we busied ourselves lighting a fire to cook dinner. Nothing interrupted the view in any direction. On one side I could see the fat round moon, and on the other a distant lightening storm. As the sun dropped further, the moon glowed brighter and the stars became increasingly twinkly. I was travelling with a group of about 12 for this trip, and as we all set out our swags on the ground around the fire, we received our first instructions on survival. Sleeping in the open in the outback is not without its dangers. As everyone knows, everything in Australia can kill you. I have even seen flowers with this warning. Snakes, spiders, crocodiles, sharks, dingos. If the climate doesn’t get you, one of the locals will. So, midst desert we were pretty clear of any crocodiles or sharks (the risk from which is also up for discussion anyhow, I may well come back to this another time), but the remaining three had particular ‘survivial’ strategies. Now, having introduced this as I have you are no doubt expecting what I (and most, if not all of the rest of the group) wasn’t. We dutifully drew our circles around our swags with a stick, believing that snakes do not cross an unbroken line. We also sprinkled sugar around our swags to deter spiders, what I didn’t do was get a rock to throw at approaching dingos. The spell of myth was finally broken when, on day 3, we were told to dab Vegemite behind our ears to protect us from ‘drop bears’. It must be great fun working as a tour guide sometimes. I still drew my circle though, it had worked so far.

Camping in the outback (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Camping in the outback (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Camping in the outback (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Camping in the outback (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Day two took us to Kata Tjuta (The Olgas) which was I think the best days walking. The name means ‘many heads’ and from a distance you can see why. What looks like a line of large rounded rocks at various angles is certainly an intriguing sight. Again, surrounded by an inordinate amount of flat desert, the fact that these exist where they exist is captivating. As with Kings Canyon, there is only a section which is accessible to visitors, much of the site deemed sacred. It continues to be inhabited by aboriginal groups and used for special rituals and teachings. Nonetheless we managed to spend another three hours hiking around and through the area, completing the Valley of the Winds walk, which was generally regarded as the most enjoyable walk of the trip. More challenging and also more visually stimulating – it is hard to get this across in photographs, the scale is such that it cannot be captured in one image. True to its name it was also windy, which again made for a more comfortable days excursion.

Kata Tjuta (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Kata Tjuta (Louise Kenward, 2014)

That evening brought our first glimpse of Uluru. A trip to see it at sunset. The sunset was not the most spectacular ever seen, but the light changing on the surface of the rock during the sun’s descent created a mesmerising sight. The same pattern was seen the next morning at sunrise, the changing light reflections proving much more interesting than the sunrise itself. Then chance to get up close and complete the base walk, conveniently about another three hours. This 10.6km loop takes you, as you might expect, around the entire circumference, with chance to see the significant marks and formations depicted in many ‘dreamtime’ stories and the basis of rituals and teachings within the Anangu people, some of which are so sacred they are off limits for photographs. The site is a particularly sacred one, the level of which I have only a very limited understanding. The network of stories, laws, ceremonies and teachings connected with it are many and complex. As a non-aborigine I am only able to learn a small amount. Various rites of passage and responsibilities bring the chance to be told more. What is clear is that the Anangu people do not want Uluru to be climbed. This is partly because they feel very responsible when someone falls and dies, which they invariably do, and also because it is such a special site, only a very select number of people within the tribe are allowed to climb it as a part of a special ceremony. The Anangu are described as the traditional owners, currently leasing Uluru and Kata Tjuta National Park to the Federal Government on a 99 year lease. They have been recognised as the traditional owners since 1985 when the title deeds were handed back to the Anangu. They now work in partnership with the director of National Parks to jointly manage the site. It is hoped that the ability to climb the rock will be withdrawn in the near future, the last member of the board who continues to want it to be climbed is the Minister for Tourism. Everyone else are united in holding a wish to close it. People continue to climb despite the Anangu’s polite requests, and despite the park’s warnings of risks during certain weather conditions. It has become a more treacherous climb over time due to the wear, many footsteps making for a slippery surface and a visible scar can be seen. For me the most impressive view was of it, not from it. Drawing up to Uluru it makes for an imposing view. Fortunate that it is low season, and therefore not particularly populated, held the opportunity to stand and gaze in relative privacy. As the Anangu people say “The real thing is listening to everything”. Chance to listen to it and stand in it’s shadow was quite powerful. There is something very special about it on an emotional level. There is also something very special about it on a very physical level. Created by the Peterman Shift, the land moved 80 degrees, resulting in the rock standing 348m above the ground and 600m below it. One side of the rock is 500 million years older than the other. This is, whatever your spiritual beliefs, a pretty special rock.

Uluru (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Uluru (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Uluru (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Uluru (Louise Kenward, 2014)

 

 

To The Red Centre

Leaving Darwin I took the train and boarded The Ghan (how else would I travel through Australia?). Despite travelling economy, just a seat rather than a cabin for this 24 hour trip, this was to be one of my more comfortable train journeys. Set up to be something of a more luxurious travel ‘experience’, everything about The Ghan indicated that this was far more about the journey than any other train I had boarded. Checking in well over an hour ahead, luggage is stowed separately (although can be retrieved by any one of several accommodating staff if necessary) and the station, functional just once a week, includes a shop to purchase ‘Ghan’ related ephemera. It was all set in quite a relaxed atmosphere. People arriving are in much more of a holiday frame of mind than they might be if about to board a train to take them somewhere in particular. With fare reductions for Australian veterans and ‘seniors’, many of the passengers are derived from this cohort. A more sedate journey this was set to be. I should not have been so surprised to hear the dulcet tones of Bing Crosby ring out as I boarded the carriage. This was unlikely to be a trip made by anyone actually wanting to go to Alice Springs, not in any hurry anyway. To travel efficiently around Australia it is generally regarded that you need to fly.

The Ghan (Louise Kenward, 2014)

The Ghan (Louise Kenward, 2014)

There was a range of passengers travelling, some younger folk, back packers with YHA discounts, or like me, those who had purchased a rail pass allowing travel on the Ghan, Overland (Melbourne-Adelaide) and Indian-Pacific (Perth-Sydney) for the next three months. So to dispel any myths that this is expensive (indeed it can be if that is what you choose), compared to many of the instant price rises I saw on landing in Australia, the train was not one of the most alarming. I just had to adjust my expectations of having a bed for the night.

It is a peculiar thing to be in a train station where there is only one train a week. There are no commuters, no families, no regulars, it is an event just for the train to arrive. Details like timetables are irrelevant here. I was surprised to learn that this train has only been arriving in Darwin for ten years. The line had been planned for for some considerable time before this – approximately one hundred years in fact – but with various complications of engineering, termites, flooding, politics and funding, there has only been a train line with a functioning passenger railway service for ten years connecting the North of Australia with the South.

Parts of the country have been connected on the way to making such a link between Darwin and Adelaide, but it seems that travelling by train has never really been a groovy thing to do in Australia. The previous Ghan ran from Adelaide to Alice Springs, and in the film marking the end of this era, it is noted that the line that ran for half a century attracted passengers, up until it was due to close, who were generally regarded as somewhat eccentric. What also intrigued and fascinated me about this film was that it had no discernible start or end, but continued to run on its peculiar never ending loop.

Said film was seen at The Old Ghan Museum in Alice Springs, and provided a perfect accompaniment to the equally adorable museum and well matched lady who was, it seemed care taker and cleaner, happily going about her business with her dog being leashed to one or other objects in the museum along the way. The dog clearly not a fan of her vacuum cleaner. Apart from this duo, I was the only one in the museum. This set the scene well for me to lose sight of any time, either past or present. I am interested in the number of visitors it usually has. When I arrived the museum looked closed, not least because a sign outside stated that it was in fact closed. If it hadn’t been for a two hour wait before the next bus to arrive I may have accepted that. Nonetheless, I wandered around and to see what I could find and was greeted by the lovely lady with her dog, who invited me in and reassured me that it was indeed open. She explained that the ticket office is in the truck museum opposite, so the ‘closed’ sign is to redirect people to pay their admission fee there. I hadn’t figured that out. She let me in anyway and I promised I would pay at the museum of trucks afterwards.

Darwin to Alice Springs (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Darwin to Alice Springs (Louise Kenward, 2014)

I enjoyed the atmosphere and the quaintness of the Old Ghan Museum, I liked that it was devoid of visitors and that I could climb aboard one of the old rail carriages. It contained many panels of information about the history of trains and the history of the Ghan. It cited how work started in 1878 north of Port Augusta and south of Darwin (the line mentioned in Annie’s ‘The Last Voyage’). I think that one of the appeals of the museum for me was that it included such a catalogue of ephemera and information of camels, crockery, ceiling lights and carpets that the ages drifted into each other and it was hard to establish the passing of time and indeed what year it actually was. The railway was historic and recent all at once, with little discernible space in between.

So, I have reached Alice Springs without actually getting to the part of how I got here. And it is all about the getting there when travelling by train, no where more so than Australia. This was my first sight of the Australian scenery, the wilderness, the outback. My first sight of its immensity and largeness, it’s flatness and never ending-ness. I loved it. The colour was the brilliant orange red I imagined after seeing photos and films. In contrast, I had not anticipated how blue it is possible for the sky to be. Punctured by skeleton trees, shrubs and very occasional signs of ‘white man’ with pylons and fencing, the trip was a magnificent contrast to the cities and cramped spaces I had experienced in the last couple of months.

Australia is green! (some of the time), Louise Kenward, 2014

Australia is green! (some of the time), Louise Kenward, 2014

The landscape did alter. I was not expecting it to be green. In the Northern Territories it had been ‘wet season’ for a while now – no one ever told me it rained here, this is a secret Australia keeps very well guarded. I had visited Litchfield National Park earlier in the week and had the chance to visit Katherine Gorge (Nitmiluk National Park) en route. Kakadu had been closed because of the rain unfortunately, the roads were closed prohibiting access. Both parks included impressive rock formations, valleys, rivers and waterfalls. They are also on a staggering scale, Litchfield alone is 650sq-km and contains an inordinate amount of archaeological history and aboriginal culture. After leaving Katherine, heading south to Alice, the landscape transformed into the views I’d imagined of the ‘Red Centre’. The bare land glows beneath the sun it is such a vivid orange, and the blue of the sky isn’t even a colour I recognised to exist in the natural world. And in between, there lay ‘bush’ for as far as you could see. Then when you had reached that point, bush lay for as far as you could see, and so on and so on. The low lying shrubs and sparsely growing trees, somehow managing to survive on the arid flat land, emphasised the distance and scale of the landscape more than I had before witnessed.

Wangi Falls, Litchfield National Park (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Wangi Falls, Litchfield National Park (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Darwin to Alice Springs (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Darwin to Alice Springs (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Darwin to Alice Springs (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Darwin to Alice Springs (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Unlike earlier train journeys, like the trans-siberian for example, which was equally (if not more) barren and remote, there were no small trackside dwellings. It seemed entirely likely that there was no one to be found from Darwin to Alice Springs. There are of course small townships and inhabitants in a few places along the way, but mostly it is empty. Land that looks so appealing is, however, utterly remorseless. It takes no prisoners (irony intended).

Sunrise on The Ghan  (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Sunrise on The Ghan (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Annie’s farewell.

After almost five months, many trains, planes, buses and boats, I have arrived in Australia. It’s a very early morning landing after a short flight over night to Darwin. I am ‘down under’. The water does go down the plug hole the wrong way, and while acclimatising myself (and waiting to be able to check in to my hostel) I am genuinely greeted with a cheery ‘G’day mate’. Cars have stopped to let me cross the road, and of the few people I have seen, I’m the only one who isn’t running. Feeling a little like Alice, I think I may have stepped through the looking glass.

Early morning, Darwin waterfront (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Early morning, Darwin waterfront (Louise Kenward, 2014)

Just a few days here before I cross the desert on The Ghan, and I’m occupied with this being Annie’s last visit and the Sunbeam’s last port of call before she died of malaria while heading home. Annie had been unwell for some time. It was mentioned that she may have contracted malaria at the Madai caves in Borneo, although I have also since read that it could have been the Panama Canal. Either way, Annie had experienced poor health for a considerable time. Despite this, she had continued in many duties regarding the St Johns Ambulance, travelling, entertaining, writing and other Ladyship activities. She wasn’t one to be easily distracted or put off from something (see previous post).

So although this is far from the end of my journey with Annie, it is a punctuation in the trip. At this stage in the Last Voyage Annie’s journal ends. Her son TAB however, also kept a journal and it is this which I refer to in learning of her last days. He writes very personal accounts of life on board the Sunbeam, tending to his mother’s bedside and day to day life as family sit all hoping she will again pull through.

6th September “…Port Darwin is an enormous harbour with arms running in all directions, but it is not pretty as the shores are low with the exception of Table Hill, on which Palmerston stands. They have had some cases of small pox at Palmerston so for fear of being quarantined by Mauritius we determined to hold no direct communication with the shore…
…The railway is already finished for some 25 miles from here and the section as far as the gold fields…should be completed within the year…

…The doctor who came on board to see Mother did not speak very hopefully of the prospect of the Northern Territory…Mother, who was lying on the deck had her long chair turned that she might see them [supplies of coal and food coming aboard]. She has been so terribly weak today that the doctor almost despairs of her pulling through, but in spite of this she insisted upon sorting all the letters and papers this morning…” (TAB Thomas Allnutt Brassey, 16 Months of Travel, 1887).

On the 7th September the Sunbeam started its voyage on to Mauritius.

One week later, on the 14th September, Lady Annie Brassey died. Passing away “peacefully and painlessly” (TAB, 1887).

“…We buried her the same evening at sunset. The body was borne aft to the lee of the gangway by the four oldest hands, Mr Kindred, John Fale, Muston and Mr Jones. The doctor read the service. Father read a few words on her life instead of the lesson, and her body was committed to the deep. Nothing can be more solemn or more impressive than a funeral at sea, and it was a fitting end for her who loved the sea so well. Our great consolation is that we were all with her at the last and that these last days have been so peaceful and so quiet.” TAB 16 Months of Travel, 1887.

Working with the Northern Territory Library, I have been able to trace records of the time which show the outbreak of small pox at Port Darwin and document the arrival of the Sunbeam. The Administrators report for the following year also shows the doctor who attended Lady Brassey, noted by TAB in his journal at the time.

“Unhappily Lord Brassey’s visit here was made under most sorrowful as well as most unfavourable circumstances. The Sunbeam arrived on September 6th with Lady Brassey seriously ill with malarial fever she contracted on the Queensland coast [a third contender!]. …Dr Wood was called into consultation, and thought Lady Brassey’s state of health presented very serious symptoms. As is now well known with deep regret Lady Brassey expired within a week after leaving Port Darwin.

[Due to the small pox outbreak at Palmerston] Lord Brassey did not think it expedient that he or any of the visitors on the Sunbeam should land. I was permitted, however, to have a long conversation with Lord Brassey from my gig, and such information as under these circumstances could be furnished was supplied.” Government Residents Report on Northern Territory for the year 1887.

With thanks to Margaret and Suzy of the Northern Territory Library, Darwin for all your help and for tracking down this report for me.

Photographs

Another day spent at Hastings’ Brassey Institute has brought a greater sense of connection between the journeys Annie made and my own travel plans.  While only a small number of places will be visited treading in her footsteps, it has become more important to do so.

Hastings Library very generously gave permission for some of Annie’s journals and albums to be photographed.  So, in follow up to my last post…here are the photographs of Madai Caves, Borneo from Annie’s expedition on 13th April, 1887:

Black bird's nests caves, Borneo "looking awkward"

Black bird’s nests caves, Borneo “looking awkward” (with kind permission of Hastings Library)

"inside"

“inside” (with kind permission of Hastings Library)

"Encampment of Eraan (who collect the nests) at mouth of cave"

“Encampment of Eraan (who collect the nests) at mouth of cave” (with kind permission of Hastings Library)

These are the only photographs of the caves, certainly the only ones in the album, after what was a pretty gruelling expedition through rain forest.

"a bunch of bird's nests on a rattan"

“a bunch of bird’s nests on a rattan” (with kind permission of Hastings Library)

…and a sample of the bird’s nests in question, with thanks to Julian Porter at Bexhill Museum:

birds nest photo - Bexhill Museum Julian

a sample of bird’s nest retrieved from Borneo expedition on ‘The Last Voyage’ in 1887 (image courtesy of Bexhill Museum, UK).

 

 

Adelaide & Ambulances

On this day (6th June) 1887, Annie was visiting Adelaide, Australia, during “The Last Voyage”. In her book, of the same name, she describes a busy morning working on her Ambulance paper (and rising early to do so) but struggling with her arm. The paper was to be presented after lunch as a speaker at a meeting.

After breakfast she is met by Sir Thomas Elder (among others) at the Zoological Gardens, before visiting the Botanical Gardens. Most delighted to learn of the collections, she describes particular interest in the eucalypti. Annie attended the Ambulance Meeting after lunch (meal times were always recorded!), where she presented her paper. It is understood to have been a successful meeting and was followed by a dinner party at Government House with a “small reception and some nice music” (from ‘The Last Voyage”).

From St John’s Ambulance “history women”, the link between them and this trip to Australia is clear:

“Her book, The Last Voyage, is of particular interest in St John Ambulance history in Australia because after arriving at Albany in Western Australia in May 1887, the Sunbeam spent fully four months in Australian waters, visiting many towns and cities. In most of the places the Brasseys visited Annie sought to arouse interest in St John Ambulance first aid training. In two of the capital cities, Sydney and Brisbane, she provided the impetus for establishing local St John Ambulance centres.” (cited from St Johns History Women, written by Ian Howie Willis, 2010).

Annie received her first aid certificate in 1877 and was committed to others being trained as well following her own experiences:

“Her interest in first aid had been aroused after recovering from burns when her crinolined skirt had set fire when she had stood too close to a naked flame. She insisted on her servants being trained in first aid; and she organised first aid classes in all the villages for miles around ‘Normanhurst’. She also raised money for St John Ambulance by throwing the Sunbeam open to visitors; and while abroad she promoted St John Ambulance wherever she went.” (Howie Willis, 2010)

I am intrigued by the continuing threads running through my research of Annie and her legacy around the world.